For a standard stance( everything will be opposite for a south paw)- the left jab is the basic bread and butter of good boxing-
its mechanics are different from other punches- so good jabbing takes a long time to learn well. The straight right is just that- a straight right... in earlier times people seldom led witha straight right. Nowadays folks with fast hands will sometimes shoot out a staright right. A cross is different- it is usually a counter punch- crossing over the left jab of the other fellow. Hooks and uppercuts are usually not lead weapons- though a good guy can close witha feinting jab and hook.
Jabs, straight rights, hooks and upper cuts... basic building blocks--
but the variations- permutations and combinations are many.